Powers Fasteners P3500 Manual De Instrucciones página 3

MODEL P3500
5. Fastener spacing and edge distance.
When a powder actuated fastener is driven into steel, it
displaces the steel laterally 360˚ around the shank of the
fastener. Since steel is an elastic material, it presses back against
the shank of the fastener to hold it in place. As the diameter of
the fastener shank is increased, the load capacity obtained will
generally increase provided the steel thickness is sufficient to
accept the fastener. To further increase fastener performance in
steel, some fasteners have a knurled shank which allows the
steel to form a key lock into the grooves to provide higher
capacities than those obtained with a smooth shank. For
optimum performance, the fastener point should completely
penetrate the steel. Normally, a minimum of 1/4" is allowed for
the point length. An increase in performance can be expected
until the fastener no longer completely penetrates through the
steel. At this point, the elastic properties of the steel cause a
compression force to be developed at an angle against the
fastener point which reduces load capacity. In thicker steel base
materials, adequate load capacities may be obtained for
applications in which the point of the fastener does not fully
penetrate the steel. Job site performance tests are
recommended.
Fasteners should not be used in areas that have been welded
or cut with a torch as these procedures may have caused local
hardening of the steel. Over driving of the fastener should be
avoided as the rebound created may reduce the load capacity or
cause damage to the fastener. When fastening into unsupported
long steel members, it may be necessary to provide support in
the area of the fastening to prevent spring action which can
cause inconsistent penetration and a reduction in load capacity.
SUITABLE BASE MATERIAL
While powder actuated fasteners can be used successfully in
concrete, certain masonry materials, and A 36 steel, some
materials are completely unsuitable. Fasteners should never be
fired into hard or brittle materials such as cast iron, tile, glass, or
rock. These materials can shatter easily resulting in a potential
safety hazard. In addition, soft base materials such as wallboard,
plaster, or wood are not appropriate as the fastener could pass
completely through these materials. The user should never guess
when fastening into any base material. Failure to follow the
recommended installation and safety guidelines can result in
severe injury or death to the tool operator and/or bystanders.
CENTER PUNCH TEST
A center punch test should always be performed to
determine the suitability of the base material for a powder
actuated fastening. This test is relatively simple and can help to
insure a safe, successful fastening. Be sure to wear the
appropriate eye protection when performing this test. To begin,
select the fastener to be used for the job. Then, place the point
of the fastener against the proposed base material. Strike the
fastener with a single hammer blow, then examine the point. If
the point of the fastener is not blunted and the base material
has a clear point indentation, it is acceptable to proceed with
the first test installation.
Use of a powder actuated system is not
recommended if the following occurs
during the center punch test:
1. The fastener point has been blunted. This
indicates that the base material is too hard.
2. The base material cracks or shatters.
This indicates that the base material is
too brittle.
P3500
3
CAT. NO.52000/Deluxe Kit
3. When using an average hammer blow,
the fastener penetrates the base material
easily. This indicates that the base material
is too soft.
FASTENER INSTALLATION
REQUIREMENTS
It is important to understand the
required minimum base material thickness
requirements along with the minimum
spacing and edge distance requirements.
Failure to follow these requirements can
result in an unsuccessful fastening and
create a safety hazard.
BASE MATERIAL THICKNESS
Concrete base material should be at least three (3) times as
thick as the fastener embedment penetration. If the concrete is
too thin, the compressive forces forming at the fasteners point
can cause the free face of the concrete to break away. This can
create a dangerous condition from flying concrete and/or the
fastener and also results in a reduction of
fastener holding power. For applications in
the face shell of concrete masonry block,
select a fastener length which will not
exceed the thickness of the face shell.
FASTENER PENETRATION GUIDE
The following table lists typical
embedment or penetration depths
expected in the base materials listed. The
penetration will vary depending on the
density of the material. This table should be used as a guide
since the consistency of these materials varies. When in
doubt, a job site performance test should be conducted.
DENSITY
Soft Masonry
Average Concrete
Dense Concrete
EDGE DISTANCE
Do not fasten closer than 3" from the
edge of concrete. If the concrete cracks, the
fastener may not hold. Closer edge
distances for applications such as sill plates
may be permitted if specific fastener testing
has been conducted.
SPACING
Setting fasteners too close together in
concrete or masonry can cause cracking.
The recommended minimum distance
between fasteners is 3" center to center.
FASTENER LENGTH SELECTION IN CONCRETE
For permanent applications using pins in concrete, first
determine the thickness of the fixture to be fastened. To this, add
the required embedment or penetration into the base material.
This will be the fastener shank length required. For applications
Point
1 in the face shell of masonry block, select a
Flattens
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fastener length which will not exceed the
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thickness of the face shell.
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For removable applications with
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threaded studs, the shank length required is
equal to the embedment depth required. To
No
Indent
52001/Blister Pack
2
3
Penetration
TYPICAL BASE MATERIAL PENETRATION
Concrete block 1" -1-1/4"
Poured concrete 3/4" - 1"
Pre-stressed/ 5/8" - 3/4"
pre-cast concrete
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Surface
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Shatters
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Material
Cracks
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Fastener Sinks in
with Average
Hammer Blow
3x
Penetration
3"
3"
Fixture
Embedment
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