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very large numbers of animals would
be needed to provide reliable proof of
a cancer promoting effect if one exists.
Epidemiological studies can provide
data that is directly applicable to human
populations, but 10 or more years
follow-up may be needed to provide
answers about some health effects,
such as cancer. This is because the
interval between the time of exposure
to a cancer-causing agent and the time
tumors develop - if they do- may be
many, many years. The interpretation
of epidemiological studies is hampered
by difficulties in measuring actual RF
exposure during day-to-day use of
wireless phones. Many factors affect this
measurement, such as the angle at which
the phone is held, or which model of
phone is used.
6. What is the FDA doing to find out
more about the possible health
effects of wireless phone RF?
The FDA is working with the U.S. National
Toxicology Program and with groups
of investigators around the world to
ensure that high priority animal studies
are conducted to address important
questions about the effects of exposure
to radiofrequency energy (RF). The FDA
has been a leading participant in the
World Health Organization International
Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Project since
its inception in 1996. An influential result
of this work has been the development
of a detailed agenda of research needs
that has driven the establishment of
new research programs around the
world. The project has also helped
develop a series of public information
documents on EMF issues. The FDA
and the Cellular Telecommunications &
Internet Association (CTIA) have a formal
Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement (CRADA) to do research on
wireless phone safety. The FDA provides
the scientific oversight, obtaining input
from experts in government, industry, and
academic organizations. CTIA-funded
research is conducted through contracts
with independent investigators. The initial
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