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Hearing protection and protective goggles
When felling trees or performing forest work,
always wear a protective helmet with integral face
and hearing protection. This will off er protection
against falling branches and recoiling branches.
7.2 Description of the correct procedures for
basic use of the chain saw
Felling a tree (Figs. 16-19)
If two or more persons are working at the
same time on felling and cutting back, then the
minimum distance between the tree being felled
and the tree being cut back should be at least
twice the height of the tree being felled (Fig. 16).
When felling trees, care must be taken to ensure
that no other persons are endangered, no power
supply lines are hit and no material damage is
caused to equipment or property. In the event that
a tree comes into contact with a power supply
line, the responsible power supply company
should be informed immediately. When working
with the saw on a slope, the operator of the chain
saw must be standing at a higher point on the
slope than the tree being felled, as the tree will roll
or slip downhill once it has been felled (Fig. 17).
Before felling the tree you must fi rst plan and if
necessary clear an escape route. This escape
route must lead away diagonally in the opposite
direction to the expected fall direction – this can
be seen in Fig. 18 (A= danger zone, B= direction
of fall, C= escape zone).
Before felling the tree you must take into account
the natural inclination of the tree, the location of
larger branches and the wind direction, as this will
help you to correctly determine the direction in
which the tree will fall.
Dirt, stones, loose bark, nails, staples and wire
must be removed from the tree.
Making the felling notch (Fig. 19)
Cut a notch (A) at right angles to the fall direction
to a depth of 1/3 of the tree diameter as shown
in Fig. 19. First make the lower horizontal felling
notch (1). This prevents the saw chain or the
guide bar from becoming trapped when the
second felling notch is made.
Making the felling cut (Fig. 19)
The felling cut should be positioned at least 2"
(50 mm) above the horizontal felling notch. Make
the felling cut (B) parallel to the horizontal felling
notch. The felling cut should be cut to a depth
which leaves a thin strip (felling hinge strip) (D)
which can act as a hinge. This strip prevents
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the tree from rotating and falling in the wrong
direction. Do not cut through the strip. When the
felling cut gets close to the strip the tree should
start to fall. If it becomes clear that the tree may
well fall in a diff erent direction to the desired fall
direction (C) or it starts to lean back and traps
the saw chain, interrupt the felling cut and insert
wedges made of wood, plastic or aluminum to
open out the cut and control the lean of the tree
until it leans in the required direction.
When the tree starts to fall, remove the chain saw
from the cut, switch it off , place it on the ground
and exit the danger zone via the planned escape
route. Watch out for falling branches and take
care not to trip.
Removing branches
Here we are talking about removing branches
from the felled tree. When removing branches,
leave any downward facing branches which are
supporting the tree until the trunk of the tree
has been cut up. Smaller branches should be
removed as shown in Fig. 20 (A= cutting direction
when removing branches, B= keep away from
the ground! Supporting branches should be left
until the trunk is cut up) in a single cut from the
bottom to the top. Any branches which are under
tension should be cut from the bottom to the top
to prevent the saw from becoming trapped.
Cutting the tree trunk into lengths
Here we are looking at the process of cutting
the felled tree into sections. Make sure you have
a sure footing and distribute your body weight
evenly onto both feet. If possible the trunk should
be underlaid and supported with branches,
beams or wedges. For easy cutting follow the
simple instructions below.
If the full length of the tree trunk is evenly
supported as shown in Fig. 21 then proceed by
cutting from the top down. Take care not to cut
into the ground in the process.
If the weight of the tree trunk is resting on one end
as shown in Fig. 22, fi rst cut through 1/3 of the
trunk diameter from the underside (A) in order to
prevent it from splintering. Make the second cut
from the top (2/3 of the diameter) to the height of
the fi rst cut (B) (this prevents the chain saw from
being trapped).
If the weight of the tree trunk is resting on both
ends as shown in Fig. 23, fi rst cut through 1/3
of the trunk diameter from the top (A) in order
to prevent it from splintering. Make the second
cut from underneath (2/3 of the diameter) to the
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05.12.2022 11:14:46
05.12.2022 11:14:46
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