Stainless Steel; Tig Welding - STAYER WELDING S60.17L Manual De Instrucciones

STAINLESS STEEL

Thickness of Tungsten
the piece to be electrode
welded diameter
mm mm
0.6 1.0 - 1.6
1.0 1.0 - 1.6
1.5 1.0 - 1.6
2.5 1.6 - 2.4
3.0 1.6 - 2.4
4.0 2.4
5.0 2.4 - 3.2
6.0 2.4 - 3.2
8.0 3.2 - 4.0
12.0 3.2 - 4.0
Joint type
(a) (b)
4.5 General instructions for use
Before starting, make sure you read, understand and apply the
safety instructions and other instructions included in the present
manual.
Below you will find a series of general indications that will
allow you initiating yourself in the world of welding and working
efficiently. In the present manual, instructions are provided with
regard to the rudiments of shielded-electrode welding of relatively
moderate difficulty in execution and regarding TIG welding having
a relatively greater difficulty. Take into account that welding on
professional level is a qualified and specialized activity. For further
information, refer to specialized books and regulated professional
training courses.
4.5.1 Shielded electrode welding
In this class of electric arc welding, the electrode itself produces
heat in the form of an electric arc, the shielded environment,
and it improves the weld puddle and the filler metal itself as the
electrode's metal core progressively melts as welding is carried
out.
You have to choose the electrode (size and type) that is suitable
for carrying out the work to be performed. An electrode we
recommend due to its medium quality, suitability for most works
and for being easy to find, is the E-6013 electrode, popularly
known as the "rutile electrode". The material par excellence for
welding with shielded electrode is carbon steel. The following
table may serve you as an initial orientation for electing the kind
of electrode and operation amperage setting for a S275-type
medium carbon steel.
After having confirmed all safety measures and inspected the
equipment, cleaned, prepared and fastened the piece to be
welded, cables are connected according to the indications in the
tables. For the usual case of an E-6013 electrode, the output of
negative polarity (marked -) shall be connected to the piece by
means of the grounding clamp. The output of positive polarity
(marked +) shall be connected to the electrode carrier clamp
which shall have the working electrode connected to its bare end.
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35
Amperage setting
Filler rod diameter
mm
0 - 1.0
0 - 1.6
0 - 1.6
1.6 - 2.4
1.6 - 2.4
1.6 - 2.4
2.4 - 3.2
2.4 - 3.2
3.2 - 4.0
3.2 - 4.0
(c) (d)
35
Argon gas flux
range
A l/min
15 - 30 4 - 5
25 - 30 4 - 7
50 - 70 6 - 9
65 - 95 6 - 9
65 - 95 6 - 9
110 - 150 10 - 15
120 - 180 10 - 15
150 - 200 10 - 15
160 - 220 12 - 18
180 - 240 12 - 18
The welder will put on his/her individual protective equipment
using a welding mask or helmet that is suitable for the work and
suitably covering any portion of his/her skin to avoid splashes or
radiation.
Welding shall be started by priming the arch. There are several
proceedings, the simplest of which is scratching the piece.
Once the arc has commenced, the electrode shall be kept at a
distance approximately equal to the diameter of the electrode
itself, and advancing of the weld shall be commenced by drawing
backwards as if a right-handed occidental person started writing,
The electrode shall be held in a position close (65o to 80o) to
the vertical with respect to the horizontal and balanced with
respect to weld puddle center. Depending on the kind of weld
pass (initial or filling) and the need of covering the joint, advance
in a straight line, zigzag movement or small circles. Good setting
of intensity, position and advance speed of the weld will result
in a pleasant, gentle sound, similar to that of a good barbecue
roast. When performing an accurate work, the resulting bead will
be homogeneous, with uniform surface marks shaped as half
moons.
Once the bead has been made, remove slag with a hammer and
brush before making the subsequent bead.

4.5.2.- TIG welding

In electric arc welding by means of an inert-gas-protected
tungsten electrode, the consumable material is not the electrode
itself but a filler rod of a material similar to, or compatible with
the material to be welded. Compared with the shielded electrode
system, this system has greater productivity and greater difficulty
in exchange for very high weld quality regarding almost any metal
and alloys thereof, including all stainless steels and situations of
joints of low thickness with or without filler material. Welding takes
place without slag, projections or smoke.
Do neither use nor sharpen thorium-doped tungsten
electrodes with a red mark, because of the risk derived
from the moderate radioactive activity of the material.
You may recognize the presence and concentration of thorium
dioxide by the indicative strip on the electrode according to EN
ISO 68848:2004 (colors: yellow, red, purple and orange). Avoid
these electrodes and use substitute products without contents as
for example electrodes with lanthanum and cerium derivatives
(strips: black, grey, blue, gold) which do not have radioactive
activity.
Joint size Joint type
mm
1 a.b
1 a.b
1 b
1 b
1 b.c
2 - 3 c.d
2 - 3 c.d
2 - 3 c.d
4 - 5 d
6 - 8 d