3. When drug therapy is necessary depends not only on the blood
pressure, but also on the respective risk profile of the patient in
question. Please talk to your doctor if even one of the two values
(systole, diastole) is constantly above the limit values for clearly
elevated blood pressure.
Blood pressure values
To determine blood pressure, two values must be measured:
• Systolic (upper) blood pressure: It occurs when the heart muscle
contracts and blood is forced into the blood vessels.
• Diastolic (lower) blood pressure: It is present when the heart muscle
EN
is stretched and fills with blood again.
Blood pressure readings are expressed in mmHg (mm mercury column).
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set the following limits for
assessing blood pressure levels:
Assessment
Clearly elevated blood pressure
(hypertension)
Still normal blood pressure
Normal blood pressure
Optimal blood pressure
Self-measurement of blood pressure at home often results in somewhat
lower values than those measured by a doctor. That is why the German
Hypertension League has set lower limits for home measurements:
Measurement at home: 135/85 mmHg
Measurement in the doctor's office: 140/90 mmHg
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systolic
diastolic
From 140 mmHg
From 90 mmHg
130 to 139 mmHg
85 to 89 mmHg
120 to 129 mmHg
80 to 84 mmHg
Up to 119 mmHg
Up to 79 mmHg
Putting on the cuff
The cuff must not be applied over wounds as this may cause further
injury.
Marking
Artery
2-3 cm
2-3 cm
Important: The stethoscope membrane for listening to the Korotkoff
sounds must be placed on the artery inside the upper arm.
Put the cuff on so that the lower edge of the cuff ends approx. 2-3 cm
above the crook of the elbow and the center of the rubber bag
(marking on the cuff) is above the artery. The cuff should not be too
tight, about two fingers should still fit between the arm and the cuff so
as not to put pressure on the artery.
Make sure that rolling up garments does not put pressure on the arm
that affects circulation. It is better to take off tight clothes before
measuring.
Carrying out the measurement
Blood pressure must always be measured on the arm with the
higher pressure values. To do this, first measure the blood pressure
on both arms and then always on the arm whose blood pressure
value is higher.
1. Apply the cuff as described in "Applying the cuff".
2. Put on the earpiece of the stethoscope.
3. Place the arm with the cuff comfortably, slightly bent and steady on
the table.
EN
2-3 cm
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