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Resistor uses different color rings to represent the value (resistance). The 1st and 2nd rings represent
the digit. The 3rd ring represents the multiplier as table shown. The 4th ring represents tolerance that
means the precision of the resistance. Example: The color rings are Brown, Red, Brown and Gold which
represents resistance is 120 ohm, tolerance 5% (Ω).
Transistor is a semi-conductor device that is used to amplify a signal and to open or close it in a
circuit. There are two types of transistors, namely NPN and PNP, with similar circuit symbol. The
transistor is a fundamental device commonly used in the modern electronic equipment. It has the
fastest response and accurate action as amplifier and switching device, and can act as an individual
device / component or as a part of IC (Integrated Circuit). IC is built of over a thousand to million
transistors.
If you have already read the above information and would like to understand more about electric circuit
knowledge as well as how useful the components can be, then let's carry out the following experiments.
V. 01 – 19/01/2024
Color Identification Code
Color
1st
Black
0
Brown
1
Red
2
Orange
3
Yellow
4
Green
5
Blue
6
Purple
7
Grey
8
White
9
Brown
Red
Gold
Silver
Transistor
User manual
2nd
3
rd
- multiplier
0
x 1
1
x 10
2
x 100
3
x 1000
4
x 10000
5
x 100000
6
x 1000000
7
8
9
x 0.1
x 0.01
7
Tolerance
+/- 1%
+/- 2%
+/- 5%
+/- 10%
Circuit symbol
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