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weld. An excessively short arc will cause sticking of the electrode and result in poor quality welds.
General rule of thumb for down hand welding is to have an arc length no greater than the diameter of
the core wire.
- Electrode Angle
The angle that the electrode makes with the work is important to ensure a smooth, even transfer of
metal. When welding in down hand, llet, horizontal or overhead the angle of the electrode is
generally between 5and 15 degrees towards the direction of travel. When vertical up welding the
angle of the electrode should be between 80 and 90 degrees to the work piece.
- Travel Speed
The electrode should be moved along in the direction of the joint being welded at a speed that will
give the size of run required. At the same time, the electrode is fed downwards to keep the correct arc
length at all times. Excessive travel speeds lead to poor fusion, lack of penetration etc, while too slow
a rate of travel will frequently lead to arc instability,slag inclusions and poor mechanical properties.
- Material and Joint Preparation
The material to be welded should be clean and free of any moisture, paint, oil, grease, mill scale, rust or
any other material that will hinder the arc and contaminate the weld material. Joint preparation will
depend on the method used include sawing, punching, shearing, machining, ame cutting and
others. In all casesedges should be clean and free of any contaminates. The type of joint will be
determined by the chosen application.
Electrode diameter
2.5 mm
3.2 mm
4.0 mm
5.0 mm
16
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Current range
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